Quarterly Tax Calculator 2026

Calculate your Q1–Q4 estimated tax payments for IRS Form 1040-ES.
For freelancers, contractors, investors — anyone without sufficient withholding.

2026 due dates · Safe harbor calculation · Underpayment penalty avoidance
Quarterly Estimated Tax Calculator — 2026
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Gross SE revenue minus business expenses (Schedule C net profit)

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W-2 wages, rental income, dividends, capital gains not subject to withholding

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Federal income tax already withheld from paychecks — reduces what you owe quarterly

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From your 2025 Form 1040 line 24 — used to calculate your safe harbor minimum payment

2026 Estimated Tax Summary
SE Tax (Schedule SE)
Federal Income Tax
State Income Tax
W-2 Withholding (already paid)
Balance Owed via Estimated Payments
Per Quarterly Payment
Q1 Payment
January – March 2026 income
Due April 15, 2026
Q2 Payment
April – May 2026 income
Due June 16, 2026
Q3 Payment
June – August 2026 income
Due September 15, 2026
Q4 Payment
September – December 2026 income
Due January 15, 2027
Safe Harbor — Minimum to Avoid Underpayment Penalty
Prior year total tax
Safe harbor threshold100% of prior year tax
Safe harbor quarterly minimum
Your payment vs. safe harbor
How to pay: Pay online at IRS Direct Pay (free) or via EFTPS. Reference "2026 Form 1040-ES" and the correct payment quarter. Most states have their own estimated tax payment systems.
Full SE tax breakdown →

How Quarterly Estimated Taxes Work in 2026

If you earn income that isn't subject to automatic withholding — freelance income, self-employment, rental income, investment gains, or alimony — you must pay the IRS quarterly to avoid a penalty. W-2 employees have taxes withheld automatically; everyone else must estimate and pay proactively.

The $1,000 Rule

You're required to make quarterly estimated tax payments if both of these are true: (1) you expect to owe at least $1,000 in federal tax after subtracting any withholding and credits, AND (2) your withholding will cover less than 90% of your current-year tax or less than 100% of your prior-year tax.

Safe Harbor Rule

The easiest way to avoid underpayment penalties: pay 100% of your prior year's total tax (or 110% if your prior AGI exceeded $150,000) divided into 4 equal payments. This "safe harbor" protects you regardless of how high your actual current-year income turns out to be.

Self-Employment Tax Is Included

Quarterly payments must cover both your federal income tax AND your self-employment tax (Schedule SE). Many new freelancers forget SE tax — the 15.3% on 92.35% of net earnings — and are caught off guard at filing time. This calculator includes SE tax in the quarterly payment calculation.

Related: Self-Employment Tax Calculator · 1099 vs W-2 Calculator · Take Home Pay Calculator

FAQ

Quarterly estimated tax questions answered

When are quarterly estimated taxes due in 2026?
Q1 (Jan–Mar): April 15, 2026. Q2 (Apr–May): June 16, 2026. Q3 (Jun–Aug): September 15, 2026. Q4 (Sep–Dec): January 15, 2027. Missing a deadline triggers an underpayment penalty on the late amount.
Who needs to pay quarterly estimated taxes?
Anyone who expects to owe at least $1,000 in federal tax and whose withholding covers less than 90% of current-year tax or 100% of prior-year tax. Primarily: freelancers, independent contractors, small business owners, investors with capital gains or dividends, and landlords with rental income.
How do I calculate quarterly estimated taxes?
Estimate total annual tax (SE tax + federal income tax + state income tax), subtract any withholding, and divide the remainder by 4. The safe harbor alternative: divide your prior year total tax by 4 (multiply by 110% if prior AGI exceeded $150,000). Either method avoids the underpayment penalty.
What is the safe harbor rule for estimated taxes?
Pay at least 100% of your prior year's total federal tax (or 110% if prior AGI exceeded $150,000) in equal quarterly installments. This guarantees penalty avoidance even if your income turns out to be much higher than expected.
What happens if I miss a quarterly tax payment?
The IRS charges an underpayment penalty (Form 2210) calculated at the federal short-term rate plus 3%, accruing from the due date until payment. For 2026 this is approximately 5–7% annualized on the underpaid amount. Pay the missed amount as soon as possible to stop the penalty from growing.